Product Description
Minimum yield strength 205 MPa (30,000 psi), tensile strength 515 MPa (74,700 psi). The seamless manufacturing process includes cold drawing or hot finishing with full solution annealing, ensuring uniform grain structure and no weld seam – critical for high-temperature and corrosive service. Outside diameter from 21.3mm to 610mm (1/2″ – 24″), wall thickness from 0.5mm to 50mm (Schedule 5S to XXS), length up to 12m standard, custom lengths up to 18m. Mill certificate, hydrostatic test, 100% ultrasonic or eddy current test, solution annealed and pickled finish, beveled or plain ends available. Suitable for heat exchangers (chloride-containing high-temperature fluids), refinery piping (high temperature + chlorides), chemical processing, high-temperature seawater service, boiler components, and pharmaceutical equipment (high-purity with halogen sanitizers).
Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe Size: Outside Diameter: 21.3mm – 610mm (1/2″ – 24″), Wall Thickness: 0.5mm – 50mm (Schedule 5S, 10S, 40S, 80S, 160, XXS), Length: 6m – 12m standard, custom lengths up to 18m
Standard & Grade of Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe: ASTM A312 TP316Ti; also ASME SA312; EN 10216-5 1.4571; Equivalent to AISI 316Ti
Usage of Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe: High-temperature heat exchangers (chloride-containing fluids), refinery piping (high temperature + chlorides + sulfides), chemical processing (hot organic acids with chlorides), pharmaceutical high-purity water with halogen sanitizers, boiler components (superheater tubes), high-temperature seawater service (cooling systems), pulp and paper bleach plants (high chloride, high temperature), textile dyeing equipment, desalination high-pressure piping (elevated temperature)
Womic Steel offering high quality & competitive prices of ASTM A312 TP316Ti seamless stainless steel pipe, titanium stabilized seamless tube, high temperature seamless pipe, SMLS stainless pipe, molybdenum bearing titanium stabilized pipe. Mill certificate EN 10204 3.1/3.2, hydro test, UT/ET, solution annealed, beveled/plain ends, pickled finish available. Factory direct supply for refinery, chemical, and high-temperature industrial projects worldwide.
Womic Steel: Manufacturing Capabilities & Company Strength
Womic Steel Group is a premier manufacturer and global exporter with over 20 years of expertise in producing stainless steel seamless tubular products. Our state-of-the-art seamless pipe production facility utilizes advanced hot-rolling and cold-drawing processes optimized for titanium-stabilized grades:
Cold Drawn (CD) Seamless Line: For diameters from 21.3mm to 219.1mm (1/2″ – 8″), wall thickness from 1.0mm to 25mm. Cold drawing provides superior dimensional accuracy, excellent surface finish, and uniform grain structure – critical for high-temperature creep resistance and titanium stabilization.
Hot Finished (HF) Seamless Line: For diameters from 114.3mm to 610mm (4″ – 24″), wall thickness from 4.0mm to 50mm. Hot rolling process produces heavy wall pipes for large diameter high-temperature headers and chemical reactor outlet lines.
All seamless stainless steel pipes undergo solution annealing (heat treatment) at 1040-1120°C followed by water quenching to dissolve titanium carbides and restore corrosion resistance, followed by pickling and passivation.
Quality Certifications & Regulatory Compliance:
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
PED 2014/68/EU (CE Marking) for pressure equipment
EN 10204 3.2 Certification with third-party validation (TÜV, BV, SGS, LR)
Third-Party Inspection (TPI) approved by SGS, BV, ABS, DNV, TÜV
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (Section I, VIII) compliance
NACE MR0175 (upon request for sour service)
Production Flexibility:
Cold Drawn: 21.3–219.1mm OD × 1.0–25mm WT × ≤ 12m
Hot Finished: 114.3–610mm OD × 4.0–50mm WT × ≤ 12m
Finishing options: Annealed and pickled, bright annealed (for small sizes)
ASTM A312 TP316Ti: Material Composition & Performance Characteristics
ASTM A312 TP316Ti is a titanium-stabilized version of 316 stainless steel. It contains molybdenum (2.0-3.0%) for enhanced pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in chloride environments, plus titanium (Ti ≥ 5×C%) to stabilize carbon. The titanium combines with carbon to form titanium carbides, preventing chromium carbide precipitation (sensitization) during welding or exposure to temperatures in the range of 425-870°C. This makes TP316Ti ideal for welded high-temperature equipment exposed to chlorides – combining the pitting resistance of 316 with the sensitization resistance of 321.
Chemical Composition (Ladle Analysis, % by mass):
| Element | TP316Ti (ASTM A312) |
| C | ≤ 0.08 |
| Mn | ≤ 2.00 |
| P | ≤ 0.045 |
| S | ≤ 0.030 |
| Si | ≤ 1.00 |
| Cr | 16.0 – 18.0 |
| Ni | 10.0 – 14.0 |
| Mo | 2.00 – 3.00 |
| Ti | ≥ 5×C (minimum, typically 0.15-0.50%) |
| N | ≤ 0.10 |
Mechanical Properties (Room Temperature, Solution Annealed):
| Property | TP316Ti |
| Yield Strength (min, 0.2% offset) | 205 MPa (30,000 psi) |
| Tensile Strength (min) | 515 MPa (74,700 psi) |
| Elongation (min, 50mm gauge) | 35% |
| Hardness (max) | 90 HRB |
Physical Properties:
Density: 7.98 g/cm³
Modulus of Elasticity: 193 GPa (28 × 10⁶ psi) at room temperature
Thermal Conductivity: 16.3 W/m·K at 100°C
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 16.0 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C)
High-Temperature Properties:
Maximum continuous service temperature: 870°C (1600°F) in air
Creep strength: Better than 316L, comparable to 321 at elevated temperatures
Oxidation resistance: Good up to 870°C
Corrosion Resistance:
Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) ≈ 24-26 (same as 316)
Excellent resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments (due to Mo)
Excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding (due to Ti stabilization)
Good resistance to organic acids and many chemical environments
Superior to 316L in applications involving both high temperature and chlorides
Good resistance to polythionic acid stress corrosion cracking
Comparison with 316L and 321:
TP316Ti has Mo (2-3%) – 321 has no Mo, so 316Ti has better pitting resistance
TP316Ti is titanium stabilized – 316L relies on low carbon (not as effective at high temperature)
TP316Ti is preferred for welded high-temperature service in chloride environments
TP316Ti is more expensive than 316L and 321 due to dual alloying (Mo + Ti)
Dimensional Range & Standards Compliance
| Item | Specification |
| Standard | ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 (also A213, A269, A999) |
| Manufacturing Processes | Cold Drawn (CD), Hot Finished (HF) |
| Outside Diameter Range | 21.3mm – 610mm (1/2″ – 24″) |
| Wall Thickness Range | 0.5mm – 50mm (Schedule 5S, 10S, 40S, 80S, 160, XXS) |
| Length Range | Standard: 6m; Extended: 12m, 18m, up to 18m |
| End Finish | Plain End (PE), Beveled End (BE) |
| Surface Finish | Annealed & Pickled, Bright Annealed |
| Tolerances (per ASTM A999) | OD: ±0.5% or ±3.2mm; WT: ±12.5% (OD < 4″) / ±15% (OD ≥ 4″); Length: +50mm / -0mm |
| Straightness | ≤ 0.2% of total length (cold drawn); ≤ 0.25% (hot finished) |
Available Dimensions & Specifications – ASTM A312 TP316Ti Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe (Selected Typical Sizes)
| NPS | OD (mm) | Schedule | WT (mm) | Weight (kg/m) | Process | Standard Length | Typical Application |
| 1/2″ | 21.3 | 40S | 2.77 | 1.27 | CD | 6m | High temp chloride |
| 3/4″ | 26.7 | 40S | 2.87 | 1.69 | CD | 6m | Chemical dosing |
| 1″ | 33.4 | 40S | 3.38 | 2.50 | CD | 6m | Heat exchanger tube |
| 1-1/2″ | 48.3 | 40S | 3.68 | 4.05 | CD | 6m | Refinery piping |
| 2″ | 60.3 | 40S | 3.91 | 5.44 | CD | 6m / 12m | Process line |
| 3″ | 88.9 | 40S | 5.49 | 11.3 | CD/HF | 6m / 12m | High temp header |
| 4″ | 114.3 | 40S | 6.02 | 16.1 | CD/HF | 6m / 12m | Heat exchanger |
| 6″ | 168.3 | 40S | 7.11 | 28.3 | HF | 6m / 12m | Chemical reactor |
| 8″ | 219.1 | 40S | 8.18 | 42.6 | HF | 12m | Main header |
| 10″ | 273.0 | 40S | 9.27 | 60.3 | HF | 12m | Hot gas duct |
| 12″ | 323.9 | 40S | 10.31 | 79.8 | HF | 12m | Large diameter |
| 16″ | 406.4 | 40S | 12.70 | 123.4 | HF | 12m | Special service |
Custom dimensions outside these ranges available. TP316Ti is less common than 316L; lead times may be extended.
Common Seamless High-Temperature Stainless Steel Standards & Grades Manufactured by Womic Steel
| Standard | Steel Grades | Typical Application | Manufacturing Process |
| ASTM A312 | TP316Ti, TP321, TP347, TP316H, TP304H | High temperature, corrosive service | CD/HF |
| ASTM A213 | TP316Ti, TP321, TP347, TP316H | Boiler, superheater, heat exchanger tubes | CD |
| ASTM A269 | TP316Ti, TP321 | General service tubing | CD |
| EN 10216-5 | 1.4571 (316Ti), 1.4541 (321) | Pressure purposes, high temp | CD/HF |
Usage: High-temperature heat exchangers (chloride service), refinery high-temp chloride piping, chemical reactors (high temp + chlorides), boiler superheaters with chloride contaminants.
Manufacturing Process – Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe (Cold Drawn / Hot Finished)
Womic Steel employs two primary seamless manufacturing processes for TP316Ti production. Titanium stabilization requires careful control to avoid titanium nitride formation and to ensure proper solution annealing.
Cold Drawn (CD) Process – Small to Medium Diameter (21.3–219.1mm OD):
Raw Material (Billet) Inspection: Billet verified for TP316Ti composition (Cr 16-18%, Ni 10-14%, Mo 2-3%, Ti ≥ 5×C, C ≤ 0.08%).
Billet Preparation: Cut to length, center-drilled, heated to 1150-1250°C.
Piercing / Rotary Forging: Heated billet pierced to create hollow shell.
Hot Rolling: Hollow shell rolled over mandrel to intermediate dimensions.
Pickling: Scale removal before cold drawing.
Cold Drawing (Multiple Passes): Drawn through die with floating plug to final dimensions. Multiple passes with intermediate annealing for heavy reductions.
Solution Annealing: 1040-1120°C, water quench. Critical for dissolving titanium carbides.
Straightening & Cut to Length
Pickling & Passivation
NDT: Eddy current (100%) + hydrostatic test.
Final Inspection & Marking
Hot Finished (HF) Process – Medium to Large Diameter (114.3–610mm OD):
Billet Heating: 1200-1280°C
Piercing
Continuous Rolling (Mandrel Mill)
Sizing Mill
Solution Annealing: 1040-1120°C, water quench.
Pickling & Passivation
NDT & Hydrostatic Test
Final Inspection & Marking
Special Considerations for TP316Ti:
Titanium content must be controlled to avoid titanium nitride inclusions
Solution annealing temperature must be high enough to dissolve titanium carbides
Water quench mandatory
Welding consumables: ER316Ti matching filler
Quality Control & Testing Procedures for ASTM A312 TP316Ti Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe
| Stage | Inspection Method | Purpose |
| Raw Material | Chemical Analysis (OES) | Verify TP316Ti (Cr 16-18%, Ni 10-14%, Mo 2-3%, Ti ≥ 5×C) |
| Raw Material | Tensile Testing | Yield ≥ 205 MPa, Tensile ≥ 515 MPa |
| Raw Material | Titanium Recovery Test | Ensure Ti not oxidized during melting |
| After Solution Annealing | Hardness Test | ≤ 90 HRB |
| Finished Pipe | Hydrostatic Test (Mandatory) | Pressure integrity – 85-100% SMYS |
| Finished Pipe | Eddy Current Test (100%) | Surface/near-surface defects |
| Finished Pipe | Flattening / Flaring Test | Ductility |
| Finished Pipe | PMI (XRF + Ti verification) | Confirm grade (Cr, Ni, Mo, Ti) |
| Finished Pipe | Intergranular Corrosion Test (A262 Practice E) | Detect sensitization – mandatory for Ti-stabilized grades |
| Finished Pipe | Visual & Marking | Traceability |
Optional for Critical Service:
Elevated temperature tensile test (e.g., at 600°C)
Pitting corrosion test (ASTM G48) for chloride service
Microstructure examination for titanium carbide distribution
Primary Applications – ASTM A312 TP316Ti Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe
High-temperature heat exchangers: Shell and tube heat exchangers where the shell-side or tube-side fluid contains chlorides at elevated temperatures (e.g., 150-300°C). TP316Ti combines Mo for pitting resistance with Ti stabilization to prevent sensitization during welding and service.
Refinery high-temperature chloride piping: Process piping in crude unit overhead systems, naphtha hydrotreaters, and FCC units where chlorides and high temperature coexist.
Chemical processing: Handling hot organic acids with chloride contaminants (e.g., acetic acid production, formic acid). TP316Ti resists both general corrosion and weld HAZ sensitization.
Pharmaceutical high-purity water with halogen sanitizers: WFI systems using ozone or chlorine sanitization at elevated temperatures (80°C). TP316Ti provides better high-temperature resistance than 316L.
Boiler superheater tubes (contaminated steam): Where steam contains trace chlorides (from poor water chemistry). TP316Ti resists pitting and intergranular attack.
High-temperature seawater service: Coastal power plant cooling systems where seawater temperature exceeds 35-40°C (too hot for 316L). TP316Ti extends service life.
Pulp and paper bleach plants: High-temperature chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite service where both pitting resistance and weld stabilization are required.
Desalination high-pressure piping (elevated temperature): SWRO systems in hot climates (Middle East) where brine temperature reaches 35-40°C and 316L has marginal pitting resistance.
Textile dyeing equipment: Dyeing machines operating at 130-150°C with chloride-rich dyebaths.
Packaging & Shipping – ASTM A312 TP316Ti Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe
Packaging:
Anti-corrosion protection: VCI paper or plastic wrap. For high-temperature service, no oil residue.
End caps: Plastic caps for beveled ends.
Bundling (Small diameters): Bundles with steel straps and interleaving paper.
Individual packaging (Large diameters): Plastic film wrap.
Wooden crates for critical chemical and refinery applications.
Shipping:
Containers for ≤ 610mm, break-bulk for larger diameters.
Documentation: MTC 3.1/3.2, hydrotest report, eddy current/UT reports, PMI report (with Ti verification), IGC test report, dimensional report, packing list, COO.
Womic Steel Advantages & FAQ – ASTM A312 TP316Ti Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe
Why Partner with Womic Steel for TP316Ti Seamless Pipe?
Complete Size Range: Cold Drawn 1/2″ – 8″, Hot Finished 4″ – 24″.
Full solution annealing (1040-1120°C, water quench) – critical for titanium stabilization.
Intergranular corrosion testing per ASTM A262 Practice E (mandatory for Ti grades).
Molybdenum content (2.0-3.0%) ensures pitting resistance (PREN 24-26).
Titanium content verified (≥ 5×C) for stabilization.
Lead times: 30-40 days for CD, 40-55 days for HF.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) – ASTM A312 TP316Ti Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe
Q: What is the difference between TP316Ti and 316L?
A: TP316Ti contains titanium (Ti ≥ 5×C%) to stabilize carbon, preventing sensitization during welding and high-temperature exposure. 316L relies on low carbon (≤ 0.03%) to avoid chromium carbide precipitation. However, at sustained temperatures above 550°C, even 316L can slowly sensitize over time. TP316Ti provides better long-term resistance to intergranular corrosion in welded high-temperature chloride service. For ambient temperature applications, 316L is sufficient and more economical.
Q: What is the difference between TP316Ti and TP321?
A: Both are titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steels. TP321 has no molybdenum (0% Mo), while TP316Ti contains 2-3% molybdenum. TP316Ti therefore has significantly better pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in chloride environments (PREN 24-26 vs 18-19). TP321 is used for high-temperature service without chlorides; TP316Ti is used for high-temperature service WITH chlorides (e.g., refinery crude unit overhead, coastal power plant superheaters).
Q: Is TP316Ti suitable for seawater service?
A: Yes, at moderate temperatures. TP316Ti has the same molybdenum content as 316L, so its pitting resistance in seawater is similar (PREN 24-26). However, TP316Ti is better than 316L if the seawater system is welded and operates at elevated temperatures (e.g., 40-60°C) where sensitization could occur in 316L. For continuous seawater immersion above 50°C, super duplex or 904L is recommended.
Q: Does TP316Ti require solution annealing after processing?
A: Yes, ASTM A312 requires solution annealing for seamless pipe. For TP316Ti, solution annealing at 1040-1120°C followed by water quench is necessary to dissolve titanium carbides and restore corrosion resistance. Womic performs full solution annealing on all TP316Ti seamless pipes.
Q: What welding filler metal is recommended for TP316Ti?
A: AWS A5.9 ER316Ti is the matching filler metal. It contains titanium for stabilization and molybdenum for pitting resistance. ER316L (low carbon) can also be used but will not provide titanium stabilization in the weld; the weld metal may be prone to sensitization if the weld is subsequently exposed to high temperature.
Q: What is the maximum service temperature for TP316Ti?
A: TP316Ti has good oxidation resistance up to 870°C (1600°F) in air. For pressure-containing applications, ASME Section II allowable stresses are provided up to 815°C. The titanium stabilization is effective up to about 870°C. For higher temperatures, consider TP310 (25Cr-20Ni).
Q: What is the typical lead time for TP316Ti seamless pipe?
A: 30-40 days for CD (small to medium diameters), 40-55 days for HF (large diameters). TP316Ti is a less common grade than 316L, so lead times may be longer. IGC testing adds 7-10 days. Third-party inspection adds 7-14 days.
Q: Can TP316Ti be used for sour service (H₂S)?
A: Yes, with limitations. TP316Ti is qualified per NACE MR0175 for sour service when properly solution annealed and hardness controlled (≤ 22 HRC). However, for high H₂S partial pressures, duplex or super duplex may be preferred. Womic can supply TP316Ti with NACE MR0175 certification upon request.
Project Reference – Southeast Asia Refinery Crude Unit Overhead Piping Replacement (Thailand)
Country: Thailand (Rayong, Map Ta Phut industrial estate)
Standard & Grade: ASTM A312 TP316Ti (seamless) – with supplementary IGC testing
Dimensions & Quantity:
OD 60.3mm (2″) × Schedule 80 (5.54mm WT) – 1,200 meters (approx. 7 tons) – Cold Drawn
OD 88.9mm (3″) × Schedule 80 (7.62mm WT) – 800 meters (approx. 11 tons) – Cold Drawn
OD 114.3mm (4″) × Schedule 80 (8.56mm WT) – 500 meters (approx. 11 tons) – Cold Drawn
OD 168.3mm (6″) × Schedule 80 (10.97mm WT) – 200 meters (approx. 6 tons) – Hot Finished
Total: 2,700 meters, approx. 35 tons
Specifications: ASTM A312 TP316Ti seamless, solution annealed and pickled, beveled ends. Hydrostatic testing. Eddy current (CD) and UT (HF). PMI on every pipe with titanium verification (Ti 0.25-0.45%). Mandatory intergranular corrosion test per ASTM A262 Practice E (no attack after 120h in copper sulfate-sulfuric acid). Pitting corrosion test per ASTM G48 Method A (6% FeCl₃, 24h at 22°C) – no pitting. Charpy impact at -20°C (min 27J, achieved 80-130J). Third-party inspection by SGS Thailand.
Application: Replacement of crude unit overhead (atmospheric distillation column) piping. The piping handles reflux containing ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) and ammonium bisulfide (NH₄HS) at temperatures 120-180°C, with pH 4-6 and chloride content 50-200 ppm. The previous 316L piping suffered from intergranular corrosion in the heat-affected zones of field welds after 6 years of service, leading to pinhole leaks. TP316Ti was selected for its titanium stabilization, which prevents sensitization in the weld HAZ, combined with molybdenum for pitting resistance.
Technical Challenges & Solutions:
Sensitization in field-welded 316L – 316L (0.03% C) can still sensitize slowly at 120-180°C over years of service, especially in the HAZ of welds. TP316Ti with titanium stabilization prevents chromium carbide precipitation. Womic performed ASTM A262 Practice E test on simulated HAZ samples (heat treated at 550°C for 100h). Results: TP316Ti showed no intergranular attack (0.0 mm/min corrosion rate). 316L control sample showed severe attack (1.2 mm/min). Client accepted.
Pitting resistance in ammonium chloride – NH₄Cl at 120-180°C is corrosive and can cause pitting. TP316Ti with Mo 2.2-2.6% provided PREN 25-26. Womic performed G48 pitting test: no pitting at 22°C, slight pitting at 40°C (acceptable as operating temperature is 180°C but NH₄Cl is not FeCl₃). Client approved.
Field welding procedure qualification – The refinery's maintenance team needed to weld TP316Ti. Womic provided WPS using GTAW with ER316Ti filler, preheat 10-20°C, interpass ≤ 150°C, heat input ≤ 1.5 kJ/mm. 20 weld coupons passed RT, PT, and IGC test (A262 E). The welding contractor certified the procedure.
PMI verification for titanium – TP316Ti looks identical to 316L to XRF (Cr, Ni, Mo similar); titanium requires longer wavelength detection. Womic used handheld XRF with extended range and also provided combustion analysis for Ti verification on each heat. Client's inspector verified Ti content 0.28-0.42%.
Logistics to Map Ta Phut – Pipes shipped from Shanghai to Laem Chabang port, then trucked to refinery. SGS inspected at port. All 35 tons delivered in 2 shipments over 6 weeks. Documentation package accepted.
Result: New TP316Ti piping installed during Q4 2023 turnaround. After 16 months of operation, inspection showed no pitting, no intergranular corrosion, and no leaks. The client has adopted TP316Ti as the standard grade for all crude unit overhead piping in their Southeast Asian refineries. Womic Steel is now a qualified supplier for this refinery's high-temperature chloride service piping needs.
Contact:
Website: www.womicsteel.com
E-mail: sales@womicsteel.com
Tel / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568
Womic Steel – Your reliable partner for ASTM A312 TP316Ti seamless stainless steel pipes for high-temperature chloride service, refinery crude unit overhead, heat exchangers, and chemical processing worldwide.
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